Prophetic Era
53 articles in this era
Aisha bint Abu Bakr: The Scholar and Mother of the Believers
Aisha bint Abu Bakr (614-678 CE) was the beloved wife of Prophet Muhammad, one of Islam's greatest scholars, and a Mother of the Believers. Known for her exceptional intelligence and memory, she transmitted 2,210 hadiths and became one of the most influential teachers in early Islamic history, shaping Islamic jurisprudence and education for generations.
Asma bint Abu Bakr: The Woman of Two Belts
Asma bint Abu Bakr (595-692 CE) was the daughter of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq and the elder sister of Aisha. Known as 'Dhat al-Nitaqayn' (The Woman of Two Belts) for her crucial role in the Prophet's migration to Medina, she lived to the remarkable age of 100 years, demonstrating extraordinary courage, faith, and strength throughout her life.
Battle of Badr - The First Great Victory
The first major military victory of the Muslim community under Prophet Muhammad on March 13, 624 CE, where 313 Muslims defeated a much larger Meccan army of nearly 1,000 warriors. This decisive battle established the military credibility of the Islamic state, demonstrated divine support for the Muslim cause, and marked the beginning of Islamic expansion beyond Medina.
Battle of Khandaq: The Siege of Medina and Divine Intervention
The Battle of Khandaq (627 CE), also known as the Battle of the Trench, was a decisive siege of Medina by a coalition of Meccan and allied tribes, where the innovative defensive strategy of digging a trench and divine intervention saved the Muslim community.
Battle of Uhud: The Test of Faith and Resilience
The Battle of Uhud (625 CE) was the second major military engagement between the Muslim community of Medina and the Meccan Quraysh tribe, serving as a crucial test of faith, discipline, and resilience for the early Muslim community.
Bilal ibn Rabah
Bilal ibn Rabah (580-640 CE), the first muezzin of Islam and one of the most beloved companions of Prophet Muhammad, known for his beautiful voice, unwavering faith under torture, and his role in breaking racial barriers in early Islamic society.
Conquest of Mecca - The Peaceful Victory
The peaceful conquest of Mecca by Prophet Muhammad and the Muslim army in 630 CE, marking the triumph of Islam in the Arabian Peninsula. This bloodless victory demonstrated Islamic principles of mercy, forgiveness, and justice, leading to the mass conversion of the Meccan population and the purification of the Kaaba from idolatry.
Constitution of Medina: The First Islamic Charter of Rights
The Constitution of Medina (622 CE) was the first written constitution in Islamic history, establishing the principles of religious tolerance, collective responsibility, and justice that would govern the diverse community of Medina under Prophet Muhammad's leadership.
Fatimah bint Muhammad
Fatimah bint Muhammad (605-632 CE), the beloved daughter of Prophet Muhammad and Khadijah, wife of Ali ibn Abi Talib, and mother of Hassan and Hussain, known as 'Sayyidat Nisa al-Alameen' (Leader of the Women of the Worlds) and revered as one of the most perfect women in Islamic history.
Great Mosque of Mecca: The Sacred Sanctuary
The Great Mosque of Mecca (Masjid al-Haram) is Islam's holiest site, housing the Kaaba and serving as the focal point for the Hajj pilgrimage and daily prayers for over 1.8 billion Muslims worldwide.
Hafsa bint Umar: Guardian of the Quran and Mother of the Believers
Hafsa bint Umar (c. 605-665 CE), daughter of the second Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab and wife of Prophet Muhammad, was entrusted with guarding the official manuscript of the Quran. As a scholar, hadith narrator, and one of the Mothers of the Believers, she played a vital role in preserving Islamic scripture and knowledge.
Hamza ibn Abdul Muttalib
Hamza ibn Abdul Muttalib (568-625 CE), known as 'Asad Allah wa Asad Rasulih' (Lion of Allah and Lion of His Messenger), the beloved uncle of Prophet Muhammad and one of the greatest warriors in Islamic history, whose martyrdom at the Battle of Uhud became a defining moment in early Islamic history.
Hijra - The Migration to Medina
The historic migration of Prophet Muhammad and the early Muslim community from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE, marking the beginning of the Islamic calendar and the establishment of the first Islamic state. This pivotal event transformed Islam from a persecuted religious movement into a thriving community with political and social autonomy.
Isra and Miraj - The Night Journey and Ascension
The miraculous night journey of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Jerusalem (Isra) and his ascension through the heavens (Miraj), one of the most significant spiritual events in Islamic history. This divine experience established the five daily prayers and demonstrated the Prophet's unique status as the final messenger of Allah.
Jerusalem (Al-Quds)
The third holiest city in Islam, known as Al-Quds (The Holy). Site of the Al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock, and the destination of Prophet Muhammad's Night Journey (Isra and Miraj). Conquered peacefully by Umar ibn al-Khattab in 637 CE.
Khadijah bint Khuwaylid: The Mother of the Believers and First Muslim
Khadijah bint Khuwaylid (555-619 CE) was the first wife of Prophet Muhammad, the first person to accept Islam, and a pillar of support during the early years of the Islamic message. Known as the 'Mother of the Believers,' she was a successful businesswoman who provided crucial emotional and financial support to the Prophet during the most challenging period of his mission.
Khalid ibn al-Walid: The Sword of Allah
Khalid ibn al-Walid (592-642 CE) was one of the greatest military commanders in Islamic history, earning the title 'Sword of Allah' from Prophet Muhammad. His tactical genius led Muslim forces to victory in over 100 battles, including the conquest of Arabia, Iraq, and Syria, remaining undefeated throughout his military career.
Mecca (Makkah)
The holiest city in Islam, birthplace of Prophet Muhammad, and site of the Kaaba. Located in Saudi Arabia's Hejaz region, it is the destination of the annual Hajj pilgrimage and the direction of prayer for Muslims worldwide.
Medina (Al-Madinah)
The second holiest city in Islam, where Prophet Muhammad established the first Islamic state after the Hijra in 622 CE. Home to the Prophet's Mosque and his burial place, Medina served as the capital of the early Islamic community.
Nusaybah bint Ka'ab: The Warrior Woman Who Defended the Prophet
Nusaybah bint Ka'ab (رضي الله عنها), also known as Umm Amarah, was a courageous female companion of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ who fought valiantly at the Battle of Uhud, defended the Prophet with her own body, and participated in multiple military campaigns, becoming one of the most celebrated women warriors in Islamic history.
Prophet Aaron (Harun ibn Imran)
Known as Harun in Arabic, Aaron was the brother and companion of Prophet Moses, blessed with eloquent speech and appointed as a prophet to assist Moses in his mission to Pharaoh and the Israelites.
Prophet Abraham (Ibrahim)
Known as Ibrahim in Arabic, Abraham is revered as the 'Friend of Allah' and the father of monotheism. He is considered the patriarch of the Abrahamic faiths and is particularly honored in Islam for his unwavering faith, his role in building the Kaaba, and his willingness to sacrifice his son for Allah.
Prophet Adam (AS)
The first human being and the first Prophet in Islam, created by Allah as His khalifah (vicegerent) on Earth. Father of humanity, Adam's story encompasses creation, paradise, the fall, repentance, and the beginning of human civilization.
Prophet David (Dawud ibn Isha)
Known as Dawud in Arabic, David was both a prophet and king of Israel, blessed with the Zabur (Psalms), renowned for his beautiful voice in worship, his victory over Goliath, and his just rule over the Israelites.
Prophet Dhul-Kifl (Ezekiel)
Dhul-Kifl is a prophet mentioned in the Quran, traditionally identified with the biblical prophet Ezekiel. Known for his patience, righteousness, and dedication to worship, he is praised in the Quran alongside other righteous prophets for his steadfastness in faith and his role in guiding his people.
Prophet Elijah (Ilyas ibn Yasin)
Known as Ilyas in Arabic, Elijah was a powerful prophet sent to the Israelites during the reign of King Ahab, famous for his confrontation with the prophets of Baal and his miraculous ascension to heaven.
Prophet Elisha (Al-Yasa ibn Akhtub)
Known as Al-Yasa in Arabic, Elisha was the successor of Prophet Elijah, blessed with a double portion of his spirit and known for numerous miracles of healing, provision, and resurrection during his ministry to Israel.
Prophet Hud (Eber)
Known as Hud in Arabic, he was a prophet sent to the people of Ad in ancient Arabia, calling them away from arrogance and idol worship to humble submission to Allah, ultimately witnessing their destruction by a devastating wind.
Prophet Idris (Enoch ibn Yarid)
Known as Idris in Arabic, Enoch was one of the earliest prophets, blessed with divine knowledge of writing, astronomy, and mathematics, and honored with ascension to heaven while still alive.
Prophet Isaac (Ishaq ibn Ibrahim)
Known as Ishaq in Arabic, Isaac was the second son of Abraham, born to Sarah in her old age, a prophet who continued the Abrahamic covenant and became the father of Jacob and grandfather of the twelve tribes of Israel.
Prophet Ishmael (Ismail ibn Ibrahim)
Known as Ismail in Arabic, Ishmael was the firstborn son of Abraham, a prophet who helped build the Kaaba, established the settlement of Mecca, and became the ancestor of the Arab peoples and Prophet Muhammad.
Prophet Jacob (Yaqub ibn Ishaq)
Known as Yaqub in Arabic, Jacob was the son of Isaac, father of the twelve tribes of Israel including Joseph, a prophet who endured great trials with patience and maintained unwavering faith in Allah's promises.
Prophet Jesus (Isa ibn Maryam)
Known as Isa ibn Maryam in Arabic, Jesus is one of the most revered prophets in Islam. Born miraculously to the Virgin Mary, he performed numerous miracles and preached the message of monotheism to the Children of Israel. Muslims believe he was not crucified but was raised alive to heaven and will return before the Day of Judgment.
Prophet Job (Ayyub ibn Razah)
Known as Ayyub in Arabic, Job is renowned as the epitome of patience and perseverance in the face of severe trials, maintaining unwavering faith in Allah despite losing his wealth, health, and family.
Prophet John the Baptist (Yahya ibn Zakariya)
Known as Yahya in Arabic, John the Baptist was a righteous prophet who prepared the way for Jesus, known for his ascetic lifestyle, powerful preaching, and martyrdom for truth.
Prophet Jonah (Yunus ibn Matta)
Known as Yunus in Arabic, Jonah is famous for being swallowed by a great whale after initially fleeing from his prophetic mission to Nineveh, demonstrating Allah's mercy and the power of sincere repentance.
Prophet Joseph (Yusuf ibn Yaqub)
Known as Yusuf in Arabic, Joseph is one of the most beloved prophets in Islam, whose complete story is narrated in Surah Yusuf. His life exemplifies patience, forgiveness, and trust in Allah through trials of jealousy, slavery, false accusation, imprisonment, and ultimate triumph as a ruler in Egypt.
Prophet Lot (Lut ibn Haran)
Known as Lut in Arabic, Lot was the nephew of Abraham, a prophet sent to the people of Sodom and Gomorrah to call them away from their immoral practices, ultimately saved by Allah when divine punishment destroyed the corrupt cities.
Prophet Moses (Musa AS)
One of the greatest prophets in Islam, sent to the Children of Israel with the Torah. Known for his confrontation with Pharaoh, the liberation of the Israelites from Egypt, and receiving divine revelation on Mount Sinai. His story is the most frequently mentioned in the Quran.
Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him)
The final Prophet and Messenger of Allah, Muhammad ibn Abdullah (570-632 CE) received the divine revelation of the Quran and established Islam as a complete way of life. His exemplary character, teachings, and leadership transformed Arabian society and laid the foundation for Islamic civilization that would influence the world for centuries to come.
Prophet Noah (Nuh)
Known as Nuh in Arabic, Noah was one of the earliest prophets sent by Allah to guide humanity back to monotheism. He preached for 950 years to his people, warning them of divine punishment. When they persisted in their disbelief, Allah commanded him to build an ark and saved him along with the believers and pairs of animals from the great flood.
Prophet Salih (Shelah)
Known as Salih in Arabic, he was a prophet sent to the people of Thamud in northern Arabia, famous for the miracle of the she-camel that emerged from a rock, ultimately witnessing their destruction for killing the sacred animal.
Prophet Shuaib (Jethro)
Known as Shuaib in Arabic, he was a prophet sent to the people of Midian, calling them to worship Allah alone and practice honesty in their commercial dealings, later becoming the father-in-law and mentor of Moses.
Prophet Solomon (Sulaiman ibn Dawud)
Known as Sulaiman in Arabic, Solomon was blessed with unprecedented wisdom, the ability to communicate with animals and jinn, control over the wind, and ruled the greatest kingdom in history, building the magnificent Temple in Jerusalem.
Prophet Zechariah (Zakariya ibn Adhan)
Known as Zakariya in Arabic, Zechariah was a righteous prophet and priest who served in the Temple of Jerusalem, guardian of Mary, and father of John the Baptist, blessed with a miraculous son in his old age.
Safiyya bint Huyayy: From Jewish Princess to Mother of the Believers
Safiyya bint Huyayy (c. 610-670 CE) was a wife of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, a Jewish woman of noble lineage who embraced Islam and became one of the Mothers of the Believers, known for her dignity, intelligence, and contributions to early Islamic society.
The Farewell Pilgrimage: The Final Testament of Prophet Muhammad
The Farewell Pilgrimage (Hajjat al-Wada) of 632 CE was Prophet Muhammad's final pilgrimage to Mecca, where he delivered his historic Farewell Sermon establishing fundamental principles of Islamic society, human rights, and spiritual guidance for all future generations.
The Kaaba - The Sacred House of Allah
The Kaaba is the most sacred site in Islam, a cubic stone structure in Mecca that serves as the qibla (direction of prayer) for Muslims worldwide. Built by Prophet Abraham and his son Ishmael, it represents the unity of the Muslim ummah and is the focal point of the annual Hajj pilgrimage.
The Meccan Period: The Foundation of Islam and Early Persecution
The Meccan Period (610-622 CE) encompasses the first thirteen years of Prophet Muhammad's mission, from the first revelation in the Cave of Hira to the Hijra to Medina. This crucial period saw the establishment of Islamic monotheism, the formation of the early Muslim community, and the intense persecution that would ultimately lead to the migration to Medina.
The Quran (Al-Qur'an)
The holy book of Islam, believed by Muslims to be the direct word of Allah revealed to Prophet Muhammad through the Angel Gabriel (Jibril) over 23 years. The Quran serves as the primary source of Islamic law, guidance, and spiritual instruction for over 1.8 billion Muslims worldwide.
Treaty of Hudaybiyyah: The Diplomatic Triumph
The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah (628 CE) was a pivotal peace agreement between Prophet Muhammad and the Meccan Quraysh tribe that demonstrated the power of diplomacy and strategic patience, ultimately leading to the peaceful conquest of Mecca.
Umm Salama: The Wise Mother of the Believers
Umm Salama (Hind bint Abi Umayyah, 580-680 CE) was one of the most respected wives of Prophet Muhammad, known for her wisdom, intelligence, and sound judgment. A Mother of the Believers who transmitted 378 hadiths, she served as an advisor to the Prophet and played a crucial role in Islamic history, particularly during the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah and the early civil conflicts.
Zayd ibn Harithah
Zayd ibn Harithah (581-629 CE), the beloved adopted son of Prophet Muhammad and the only companion mentioned by name in the Quran, known for his unwavering loyalty, his role in breaking pre-Islamic adoption customs, and his martyrdom as commander at the Battle of Muta.