Conquest of Mecca

Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (c. 566-653 CE) was the Prophet Muhammad's uncle who protected him from within Mecca, facilitated the conquest, and became the ancestor of the Abbasid dynasty that ruled the Islamic world for five centuries.

The Meccan chief who led Quraysh against the Muslims at Uhud and the Trench, whose caravan set off the Battle of Badr, and who was questioned about the Prophet by the emperor Heraclius at Jerusalem. He accepted Islam at the conquest of Mecca, when his house was declared a sanctuary.

The Battle of Hunayn (630 CE) was fought a month after the conquest of Mecca between the Muslims and a coalition of the Hawazin and Thaqif tribes. A near-disastrous ambush was reversed into a decisive Muslim victory, followed by the siege of Ta'if and a generous distribution of captives and spoils.

The conquest of Mecca in 630 CE (8 AH) was the decisive event of the Prophetic era. After eight years of exile, Prophet Muhammad led ten thousand Muslims into the city, declared a general amnesty, purified the Kaaba of its idols, and transformed the Arabian political landscape.

Ikrima ibn Abi Jahl (d. 13 AH / 634 CE) was the son of Abu Jahl and among the most determined Meccan opponents of Prophet Muhammad, condemned to death at the conquest of Mecca. Pardoned at his wife's plea, he accepted Islam, commanded armies in the Ridda Wars, and was killed fighting in Syria.